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1 Bomtempo, João Domingos
(1775-1842)Portuguese composer who began his musical studies under his father, Francisco Saveiro Bomtempo, the oboist in the royal court of King José I (1750-77). At the age of 14, he became a singer in the Royal Chapel of Bemposta and, after his father's death, took his place as court oboist at age 20. In 1801, he decided to go to France to continue his musical studies instead of Italy, which was the custom in his day. In Paris, he associated with a group of exiled Portuguese liberals from whom he absorbed liberal ideas and became a committed constitutional monarchist. During his time in Paris, he began his career as a virtuoso pianist and, inspired by Clementi, Cramer, and Dussek, wrote his first compositions: the Grande Sonata para Piano, Primeiro Concerto em Mi bemol para Piano e Orquestra, and the Secundo Concerto para Piano.After Napoleon's armies were defeated by a combined Portuguese-British army commanded by General Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington), Bomtempo's prospects in France deteriorated and he left for London in 1810, where he was well received and became a well-regarded professor of piano. During this period, he published many compositions, such as the Terceiro Concerto para Piano, and Capricho e Variações Sobre " GodSave the King." Bom-tempo became active in the Masons at this time. In 1813, to celebrate the final defeat of the French, Bomtempo composed a cantata titled Hino Lusitano, with verses by the liberal poet Vicente Pedro Nolasco da Cunha. He also composed the Primeira Grande Sinfonia and the Quarto Concerto para Piano during this period.In 1815, Bomtempo returned to Portugal, where he founded a philharmonic society in order to fill a serious lacuna in the musical culture of Portugal. With the return of the royal court from Brazil and the increasing repression of Portuguese Masons, the situation in Lisbon became untenable for liberals. Bomtempo, who favored a constitutional monarch, returned to London, where he dedicated his work to the "Portuguese nation." He returned to Portugal in 1818, where he composed his best-known work: O Requiem: A Memória de Camões. In 1820, he composed a second requiem in memory of General Gomes Freire, the grand master of Portuguese masonry, who was hanged in 1817. In 1822, his philharmonic society began periodic concerts, but these were forbidden by the absolutist King Miguel I (1802-66) in 1828, and Bomtempo took refuge in the Russian consulate in Lisbon, where he lived for five years until a constitutional monarchy was established by King Pedro IV (1798-1834) in 1834.With the establishment of constitutionalism, Bomtempo returned to his artistic activities. In 1835, he composed the Segunda Sinfonia e um Libera Me, dedicated to the memory of King Pedro IV who, exhausted from his struggle against his brother during the " War of the Brothers," died soon after returning to the throne. In 1836, Bon-tempo was made music director of the Court Orchestra and professor of piano in the royal music school, where he introduced the musical pedagogy of Clementi. He continued to compose and direct until his death on 18 August 1842. -
2 Music
Portugal's musical tradition began in the 15th century when songs ( cantigas) written by court troubadours were set to music. Early in the 16th century the cathedral in Coimbra became a center for the composition of polyphonic music and produced several composers of note. Portugal's musical tradition was carried throughout the Portuguese overseas empire. The playwright Gil Vicente used incidental music in his religious plays, some of which could be described as protomusicals. Until the 17th century, musical training was controlled by the Catholic Church, and the clergy dominated the field of composition. During this 18th century, Portuguese mon-archs lavished money and attention on music teachers and composers, which gave Portugal the best and liveliest court music anywhere in Europe. During the period, the Italian Domenico Scarlatti was court choirmaster, which infused Portuguese church music and opera with the Neapolitan style. A Portuguese, João de Sousa Carvalho, was one of the most popular composers of opera and musical drama in Europe during the second half of the 18th century.Perhaps the best-known Portuguese composer is João Domingos Bomtempo. Bomtempo wrote music in the classical style and, as head of the National Academy of Music, assured that the classical style remained integral to Portuguese music until well into the Romantic era. Gradually, Romantic music from Europe was accepted, having been introduced by Alfredo Keil, a Portuguese painter, musician, and opera composer of German descent. Portugal's only Romantic composer of note, Keil wrote the music for A Portuguesa, the official Portuguese national anthem since 1911.The most widely known musical form of Portugal is the fado. Meaning fate, fado is singing that expresses a melancholic longing intermingled with sadness, regret, and resignation. There are at least two variations of fado: the Lisbon fado and the Coimbra or university student fado. Its origins are hotly debated. The most famous Portuguese fado singer was Amália Rodrigues (1920-99); presently, Mariza holds that claim.
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João Domingos Bomtempo — (* 28. Dezember 1775; † 18. August 1842 in Lissabon) war ein liberaler portugiesischer Komponist, Pianist, Dirigent und Musikorganisator. Er war von 1820 bis 1828 Leiter der Philharmonischen Gesellschaft und gründete 1835 das Lissabonner… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Joao Domingos Bomtempo — João Domingos Bomtempo João Domingos Bomtempo João Domingos Bomtempo était un compositeur, pianiste, hauboïste et pédagogue portugais, né à Lisbonne (Portugal) le 28 décembre 1775, décédé au même lieu le 18 … Wikipédia en Français
Joao Domingos Bomtempo — João Domingos Bomtempo (* 28. Dezember 1775; † 18. August 1842 in Lissabon) war ein liberaler portugiesischer Komponist, Pianist, Dirigent und Musikorganisator. Er war von 1820 bis 1828 Leiter der Philharmonischen Gesellschaft und gründete 1835… … Deutsch Wikipedia
João Domingos Bomtempo — était un compositeur, pianiste, hauboïste et pédagogue portugais, né à Lisbonne (Portugal) le 28 décembre 1775, décédé au même lieu le 18 août 1842 … Wikipédia en Français
João Domingos Bomtempo — (Lisbon, December 28, 1775 mdash; Lisbon, August 18, 1842) was a Portuguese classical pianist, composer and pedagogue. BiographyBomtempo was son of an Italian musician of the Portuguese court orchestra, and studied at the Music Seminary of the… … Wikipedia
Bomtempo — João Domingos Bomtempo (* 28. Dezember 1775; † 18. August 1842 in Lissabon) war ein liberaler portugiesischer Komponist, Pianist, Dirigent und Musikorganisator. Er war von 1820 bis 1828 Leiter der Philharmonischen Gesellschaft und gründete 1835… … Deutsch Wikipedia
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